Non-destructive testing and evaluation is a procedure to non-destructively evaluate material properties and detect defects of a target system using sensing techniques such as ultrasonic, thermography, eddy-current, and X-ray. For example, an ultrasonic NDT technique can be used to detect tiny defects on a silicon wafer during its fabrication without causing damage to the wafer. In addition, various NDT&E techniques are used for periodic inspection of infrastructure like bridge, pipeline, nuclear power plant, wind turbine, etc.
